Dialectic style of books
Like computational notebooks. See also Domain-Learning with Computational Microworlds
Hillel Wayne's Progressive Cheatsheets
The Little Schemer, The Little Typer, etc
For every paragraph, a problem http://intellectualmathematics.com/calculus/
Debord's Society of the Spectacle has numbered paragraphs (thanks Azlen Elza)
A Pattern Language too of course (numbered patterns)
Related Exploding PDFs
The manga guide to X